Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Market to Reach $145 Million in
2018
By Raghu Das, CEO, IDTechEx
Piezoelectric energy harvesters generate electricity from ambient energy,
powering small autonomous devices. Over the past few years there have been
significant improvements in using piezoelectric materials as an energy
harvesting element, with products now available. This article summarizes a new
report from IDTechEx titled “Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting 2012-2022:
Forecasts, Technologies, Players” highlighting the opportunity, challenges and
trends with the technology.
Energy from ambience
Piezoelectric energy harvesting is the process by which ambient mechanical energy such as
stress, strain and vibration is converted into electricity by a piezoelectric
material. Application uses range widely from harvesting energy from vibrations
in vehicles to power sensors to using energy from pedestrian traffic to power
localized lighting. Many suppliers of piezoeletrics for conventional
applications such as sensors or sound generation are now leveraging their
know-how and using piezoelectrics to create energy, opening up a large new
opportunity for them.
Piezoelectric energy harvesters experience 38% CAGR to 2018 by market
value
IDTechEx find that the money spent on piezoelectric energy harvesting
investments will grow to $145 million in 2018. Thereafter, it will create a $667
million market by 2022. The number of units will rise from 100 million this year
– predominately used in cigarette lighters – to 300 million units in 2022. These
will be at a higher average price point compared to those used today because the
versions used to power wireless sensors and portable electronics are more
sophisticated than the version used on lighters.
Piezoelectric Market Forecasts for 2018 and 2022 (partial data from
IDTechEx research)
Source: IDTechEx report
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting 2012-2022:
Forecasts, Technologies, Players
Large range of piezoelectric material options – which are
best?
There are over 200 piezoelectric materials that could be used for energy
harvesting, with the appropriate ones being selected for each application. The
traditional inorganic lead zirconate titanate PZT ceramic is still the most
commonly used material for piezoelectric harvesting but many alternatives are
receiving some attention, usually where efficiency and temperature performance
of the material itself is not the primary consideration but factors such as
flexibility and light weight come to the fore. For instance, there are organic
piezoelectrics such as polyvinylidene difluoride. Piezoelectric energy
harvesters are currently being developed by many companies, and this IDTechEx
report profiles 29
organizations.
Overcoming narrow band limitation and fragility problems
Piezoelectric energy harvesters provide an AC output and therefore the
interfacing electronics requires rectification, and step up/down electronics. A
challenge of piezoelectrics is that while they are efficient at optimal
resonance, only a slight variation away from the optimal resonance causes a
significant reduction in energy generation - the bell curve is very steep. Some
try to compensate for this by using magnets to limit the vibrations within the
main resonance of the device, which adds bulk and cost and does not enable true
broadband ability. Other solutions offered are to electronically pre-bias the
piezo electric material. A charge put on the material acts as a damper and
requires the material to do more work against it. As a result, they have shown a
power gain up to 20 times compared to an optimal resistive load.
Another challenge with piezoelectrics is that outside of the optimal
resonance they can break relatively easily. Unless this is controlled by
dampening or pre-biasing it can lead to rapid failure. Indeed, one of the most
successful companies in energy harvesting, EnOcean, began by developing
piezoelectric energy harvesting light switches, but due to the failure rate
moved to electrodynamic energy harvesters. Others now are improving on those
failure points and this report covers the latest progress, products and market
outlook.
New research
This new report from IDTechEx covers the wide range of materials and form
factors, from MEMs, to paint and spray versions, to ribbons and nanowires. It
profiles the latest work commercially and academically. The report provides
forecasts for piezoelectric energy harvesters for the following application
segments over the next ten years, with year by year figures. For each, it gives
the number of energy harvesting units forecast to be bought, average sales price
and the total spend in US $.
- Pavements, roads, railroads
- Lighters and other electrical
- Consumer electronics
- Other industrial switches
- Remote controls
- Pushbutton industrial sensors
- Electronic locks/access control devices
- Toys and gadgets
- Military
- Aerospace
- Vehicle sensors
- Healthcare
In particular, this report covers;
- What piezoelectric energy harvesting is and how it works
- What materials are used and how they are made - including PZT, Single Crystal Piezo and Piezo Fibre Composite
- Key enablers for the future - printed piezoelectrics, smart substrates, ribbons, fibres and MEMS
- A comparison between piezoelectric energy harvesting and alternative options
- How to harvest energy from vibration and movement
- Applications in consumer electronics, automotive, health, WSN, lighting and switching
- Detailed market forecasts for 2013-2023 by application type
- Technical challenges and how these are being tackled
- Leading developers of piezo electric energy harvesters
IDTechEx reports:
IDTechEx have published over 60 reports on Printed Electronics,
Photovoltaics, Energy Harvesting, Electric Vehicles and RFID.
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